英語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)從句包括表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、目的等等各種從句。
一、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句
1. 譯成相應(yīng)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
1）與原文順序一致
While she spoke, the tears were running down。
她說(shuō)話時(shí)，淚水直流。
2）后置改前置
Please turn off the light when you leave the room。
離屋時(shí)請(qǐng)關(guān)燈。
2. 譯成“剛（一）…… 就……”的句式：
When I reached the beach, I collapsed。
我一游到海灘，就昏倒了。
3. 譯成并列的分句：
1）譯文前置
They set him free when his ransom had not yet been paid。
他還沒(méi)有交贖金，他們就把他釋放了。
2）后置不變
I was about to speak when Mr. Smith cut in。
我正想講，史密斯先生就插嘴了。
二、原因狀語(yǔ)從句
1. 譯成表“因”的分句：
1）“因”在“果”之前
The crops failed because the season was dry。
因?yàn)闅夂蚋珊担魑锴甘铡?/p>
2）“果”在“因”之前
She could get away with anything, because she looked such a baby。
她能渡過(guò)任何風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)樗瓷先ズ?jiǎn)直還像娃娃模樣。
2. 譯成因果偏正復(fù)句中的主句：
Pure iron is not used in industry because it is too soft。
純鐵太軟，所以不用在工業(yè)上。
Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion。
他深信這件事正確可靠，因此堅(jiān)持己見(jiàn)。
3. 譯成無(wú)關(guān)聯(lián)詞的因果關(guān)系并列分句：
Where there is sound, there must be sound waves。
哪里有聲音，哪里就必有聲波。
After all, it did not matter much, because in24 hours, they were going to be free。
反正關(guān)系不大，24小時(shí)以后他們就自由了。
三、表示條件的狀語(yǔ)從句
1. 譯成表示條件的分句，漢語(yǔ)一般前置：
When this question is answered, even better and cheaper magnetic materials can be developed。
如果這一問(wèn)題得到解決，就能研制出更好、更便宜的磁性材料。
2. 譯成表示“假設(shè)”的分句，一般前置：
If one of them collapsed, as they often did, the guide used to carry him over the mountains.
如果其中一個(gè)人垮了，這種事常在他們中間發(fā)生，向?qū)Ь鸵持^(guò)山。
3. 譯成補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明情況的分句，一般后置：
You can drive tonight if you are ready。
你今晚就可以出車，如果你愿意的話。
